what is paralytic and non paralytic squint

Paralytic Squint

Angle of squint is not constant in all directions of gaze.

    CAUSES

     1,Vascular diseases  eg: DM,HT

     2,Demyelinated diseases eg: MS

     3,Inflammatory diseases causing fibrosis of a muscle,

     4,Trauma

    Symptoms

      Diplopia

    Signs

      Manifest squint

    Investigations

      Investigate the underlying disease

   Treatment

      1, Occlusion of one eye to stop diplopia

      2, Prisms

      3, Surgery after 6 months

Nonparalytic Squint

  

     Angle of squint remains same in all directions of gaze

   Causes

    1, Refrective error

    2, Hereditary

    3, Sensory nonfusion eg:opaque media

    4,Idiopathic

   Examination

    1, Cover test

    2, OM

    3, Retinoscopy

    4, Red reflex for media

    5, Fundoscopy to rule out any retinal disease

   Treatment ----- 4 Os

    1, Optical--- specacles

    2, Orthoptic exercises

    3, Occlusion. By patching or atropinization of normal eye until VA of both eyes become equal.

    4, Operation. If not improved by above measures.

 

Difference B/W Paralytic and Nonparalytic Squint

•      Paralytic Squint

•      Common in adults

•      Diplopia

•      OM affected

•      Abnormal head posture

•      Angle of squint is not constant in all directions of gaze

•      Sec dev >primary dev

•      Nonparalytic Squint

•      Common in childhood

•      No diplopia

•      OM not affected

•      Normal head posture

•      Angle of squint is constant in all directions of gaze

•      Primary dev > sec dev